The ATmega2560 has 256 KB of flash memory for storing code (of which 8 KB is used for the bootloader), 8 KB of SRAM and 4 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written with the EEPROM library). A properly configured shield can read the IOREF pin voltage and select the appropriate power source or enable voltage translators on the outputs for working with the 5V or 3.3V. This pin on the board provides the voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Supplying voltage via the 5V or 3.3V pins bypasses the regulator, and can damage your board. The board can be supplied with power either from the DC power jack (7 - 12V), the USB connector (5V), or the VIN pin of the board (7-12V). This pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the board. You can supply voltage through this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin. The input voltage to the board when it's using an external power source (as opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). If using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and damage the board. If supplied with less than 7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may become unstable. The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. Leads from a battery can be inserted in the GND and Vin pin headers of the POWER connector. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug into the board's power jack. The power source is selected automatically.Įxternal (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The Mega 2560 can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power supply. Schematic: arduino-mega2560_R3-schematic.pdf Schematic, Reference Design & Pin MappingĮAGLE files: arduino-mega2560_R3-reference-design.zip The Mega 2560 is an update to the Arduino Mega, which it replaces. The Mega is compatible with most shields designed for the Arduino Duemilanove or Diecimila. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 14 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. I am about to have dinner, so instead of typing out the entire response, I copied my comment on another thread on the same topic.The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560 ( datasheet). For example pin 10 on the uno can either be used as digital or PWM, whereas pin 10 on the Micro Pro can function as analog, digital or PWM. Many pins of the arduino are capable of more than one of those functions, you can check this by looking up "arduino pinout" for your particular board. Also can be used to switch on and off another fast component, like a transistor, which in turn will switch on and off a load (say a motor) and thus you can control the rotation speed of said motor. This is useful for controlling a varying output, say the brightness of an LED, the position of a servo motor (this is a deeper subject, because the servo motor has a little "brain" of its own, which translates the incomming PWM into angle of rotation). It's a clever technique called "pulse width modulation", where the microcontroller will turn the output ON for a set period of time (duty cycle) and then turn it off for some time. It's not REALLY a smooth transition and it's not exactly a varying voltage, but rather varying on/off period by quickly switching the output on and off. PWM pins are capable of WRITING a voltage between 0V and +5V. This is useful when you want to measure brightness LEVEL (not just light on or off), or read a potentiometer value (for controlling the brightness of an LED for instance) and other similar purposes. You decide whether they read or write when you declare pinMode() Īnalog pins are capable of READING (this is key) a voltage between 0V and +5V (which is translated into a value between 0 and 255 when you use analogRead() function). Long answer - yes, but check pinout diagram for your boardĮssentially the arduino has 3 types of pins (there are more, but for the sake of this thread we'll say 3).ĭigital pins are capable of reading or writing either ON or OFF (let's say 1 or 0, HIGH or LOW, voltage +5V or 0V).
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